American educator, author and civil-rights activist. Wrote memoir, Up from Slavery, 1901.

• Headed the Tuskegee Institute, 1881-1915

Mexican-American labor leader.

• Founded the United Farm Workers in 1966

American lawyer known for supporting liberal causes.

• Defense lawyer in the Scopes ''''Monkey'''' trial and the Scottsboro case

American labor leader and politician.

• Founded the Socialist Party of America; led the Pullman railway-workers strike of 1894

American physician.

• Led the old-age pension movement

American abolitionist lecturer and author. First African-American candidate for U.S. vice president (1872).

• Born a slave, he escaped, educated himself, and became a leader of the antislavery movement

Italian philosopher and educator. A supporter of Mussolini, he was assassinated during World War II.

• Reformed the Italian educational system

American clergyman. Brother of novelist Harriet Beecher Stowe.

• Used his powerful speaking skills in the support of abolition and women''s suffrage

American educator.

• First U.S. commissioner of education, 1867-70

American educator and legislator.

• A pioneer of public education in the United States

Danish-born American journalist and activist.

• Crusaded for urban reform; wrote How the Other Half Lives, 1890

American abolitionist. Hanged for treason after seizing the government arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia -- the first step in his plan to lead a slave insurrection.

• Belived in taking violent action to end slavery; became an abolitionist martyr

American author and educator. His writings sparked massive debate about education in the United States.

• Wrote How Children Fail

American labor leader.

• President of the United Mine Workers of America for 40 years

American clergyman and civil-rights leader. President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Advocate of nonviolence; assassinated April 4, 1968.

• Led the struggle against racial segregation and economic injustice in the United States

American librarian and educator.

• Devised the ''''Dewey'''' decimal system for classifying library materials; helped found the American Library Association

American social activist.

• Called attention to poverty in the United States with his book The Other America

American educator who helped establish the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

• President of Columbia University, 1901-45

Filipino-American labor leader.

• Helped to found the United Farmers Workers Union

Scottish-American labor leader.

• First president of the United Steelworkers of America, 1942-52

Welsh socialist and philanthropist.

• Worked to improve the conditions of workers; founded cooperative communities

American labor leader.

• Founder of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), and its president for 37 years

American social reformer. Husband of Julia Ward Howe.

• Head of the Perkins Institution for the Blind, 1832-76; chairman of the Massachusetts Board of State Charities, 1865-74

Lithuanian-American labor leader.

• First president of the Almalgamated Clothing Workers of America, 1914-46; one of the founders of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO)

British doctor and philanthropist.

• Established homes for orphans and poor children

American civil-rights leader.

• Secretary of the NAACP, 1931-55

American labor leader.

• President of the United Automobile Workers union, 1946-70; president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 1952-55

American civil-rights leader.

• Director of the National Urban League, 1961-71

American abolitionist.

• President of the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1843-65

American author and educator.

• Wrote the McGuffey Eclectic Reader, which sold an estimated 122 million copies in the mid-19th century

American labor leader.

• President of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), 1924-52

British humanitarian and religious leader.

• Founded the Salvation Army

English abolitionist and evangelical.

• Founder of the Anti-slavery Society, 1823

African-American religious and political leader. Assassinated for his radical views on race relations. Original name: Malcolm Little.

• Formed the Organization for Afro-American Unity in 1964

American clergyman and civil-rights leader. Ran for President in 1984 and 1988.

• Chairman of the National Rainbow Coalition

German psychiatrist and gay-rights activist.

• Founded the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee, 1897

American gay-rights activist.

• American gay-rights activist.

Indian social reformer and educator. Advocate for the education of women and for the remarriage of Hindu widows.

• Founded the Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women''s University, 1916

American civil-rights activist.

• Co-founder of the Black Panther Party

American feminist.

• Notorious as an advocate of sensible clothing for women

American author and feminist.

• Founded the National Organization for Women (NOW), the largest feminist organization in the United States, in 1966

American suffragette.

• Instrumental in the passage of the 19th amendment to the U.S. Constitution, granting women the right to vote

American educator. Founded the American Red Cross in 1882.

• President of the American Red Cross, 1882-1904

American philanthropist, teacher and crusader for the mentally ill.

• Served as superintendent of women nurses in the U.S. Civil War, in the face of strong opposition from the medical establishment

American activist and author.

• Founded the Catholic Worker Movement, 1933

American author, lecturer, social activist and first lady. Niece of President Theodore Roosevelt.

• Active in the Women''s League of Voters and Women''s Trade Union League

American educator.

• Founded the first kindergarten in the U.S.

American suffragette and writer.

• With Lucretia Mott, led the 1848 women''s rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York

American educator, activist, and writer.

• Pioneer in the establishment of institutions for the higher education of women

Lithuanian-born anarchist, feminist, lecturer, and writer.

• Twice imprisoned for anarchist activities in America; deported to Russia in 1919

American feminist.

• President of the Women''s Christian Temperance Union; president of the National Council of Women, 1890

American feminist, journalist and author.

• A leader in the late twentieth-century women''s movement; founder of Ms magazine

American abolitionist known for her work on the ''underground railroad.''

• After her own emancipation, she helped other slaves escape to freedom in the North

American author and lecturer. Left blind and deaf by an illness at the age of 19 months.

• Crusaded for the education of the handicapped

American social reformer and peace advocate. Ran Hull House, 1889-1935.

• President of the Women''s International League for Peace and Freedom, 1919

American abolitionist and feminist.

• With Elizabeth Cady Stanton, organized the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention

American suffragette and editor.

• The first woman arrested for civil disobedience in the U.S.

American nurse and writer who started the U.S. birth-control movement.

• Founded the National Birth Control league, 1914; organized the first World Population Conference, 1927

Italian educator and physician.

• Founded the Montessori schools for children

Irish-born American labor leader.

• Organized marches, strikes, and other campaigns to improve conditions for workers

Guatemalan Quiché Indian whose father, mother, and brother were tortured and murdered by the Guatemalan government. Activist for the rights of Guatemala's indigenous people.

• Brought international attention to the plight of Guatemalan natives with her 1984 autobiography I...Rigoberta Menchú

American civil-rights leader.

• Her refusal to sit at the back of a bus sparked the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott

American first lady and social and political activist.

• Advocate for mental health, early childhood immunization, and human rights; co-founded the Carter Foundation

American educator.

• President of Vassar College, 1946-1964

American, born into slavery, who became a powerful voice in the call for equal rights for blacks and women. Original name: Isabella Hardenberg.

• Gave the famous speech ''''Aint I a Woman'''' at the 1851 Women''s Convention in Akron, Ohio

American abolitionist and feminist leader.

• First woman to have her face depicted on a U.S. coin

English writer and feminist. Mother of author Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley.

• Considered the mother of the British women''s suffrage movement

Daughter of slaveowners who became an abolitionist writer and lecturer.

• She and her sister, Sarah, were forced out of Charleston for their abolitionist writings

Australian feminist and author. Advocate of sexual freedom for women.

• Wrote The Female Eunuch, 1970

British suffragette.

• Founded the Women''s Social and Political Union, which used radical tactics in its struggle for women''s suffrage

Australian physician and activist.

• dvocate for nuclear disarmament; founder of Physicians for Social Responsibility and

American feminist, lesbian, and lecturer.

• Advocate for lesbian and gay rights

American editor, journalist, publisher, and civil-rights activist.

• 1952 Progressive party vice-presidential candidate

Hispanic-American activist.

• Advocate for Hispanic-American education, economic opportunity, minority rights, and women''s rights

American activist and politician. An advocate for Native American rights, prison reform, and child welfare.

• The first woman to be elected to a statewide office, serving as Oklahoma commissioner of charities and corrections from 1907 to 1914

Civil-rights activist.

• Humanitarian, social worker, teacher and missionary

American civil-rights leader. Widow of Martin Luther King, Jr.

• President of the Martin Luther King Center for Nonviolent Social Change

American author, social worker and public speaker.

• Activist for African-American rights and the rights of women

American activist and educator.

• Advocate for Native American rights

Social worker.

• Advocate for rights of the differently abled

British educator and feminist.

• Founded Girton College at Cambridge, 1873

British suffragette and evangelist. Daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst; sister of Sylvia Pankhurst.

• Drew international attention to the suffrage movement when she was jailed for unfurling a ''''Votes for Women'''' banner at a Liberal Party meeting in 1905

Columbian patriot known as ''La Pola.'' A spy and organizer among Creoles fighting against Spanish rule.

• Executed at 22 by a firing squad; commemorated by a statue in Bogotá

Egyptian feminist.

• Founded the All-Arab Federation of Women in 1944