Alsatian theologian, missionary, physician and musicologist.

• His book on ethics, Philosophy of Civilization (1923), advocated reverence for all life

American anthropologist.

• Known for his work on the language, culture and religion of Native Americans

English sociologist and economist.

• Pioneer of the social settlement movement

Polish anthropologist.

• Considered the father of social anthropology

French social scientist and reformer.

• Utopian socialist who devoted himself to the study of society and methods of improving social and economic conditions

American anthropologist and linguist.

• Best known for his studies on the ethnology and linguistics of Native Americans in the northwestern U.S.

French sociologist.

• Considered the founder of modern sociology

Swiss Sanskrit scholar.

• His Cours de Linguistique Generale greatly influenced the development of modern linguistics

German-American anthropologist and ethnologist.

• Authority on the linguistics of North American tribes

Austrian ethnologist and physiologist.

• Known for his work on individual and social behavior patterns

American philologist and educator.

• Wrote Introduction to the Study of Language

American architect, sociologist and writer.

• Wrote The Brown Decades and The Culture of Cities

French socialist.

• Considered the founder of state socialism

German sociologist.

• Wrote Theory of Social and Economic Organization

American literary critic.

• Wrote The New England Mind and Consciousness in Concord

Brazilian sociologist.

• Wrote Casa-grande e senzala (''''The Big House and the Slave Quarters'''')

American anthropologist.

• Wrote Coming of Age in Samoa

American sociologist and anthropologist.

• Wrote Patterns of Culture

American sociologist known for her studies of sex, family dynamics, and the public and private roles of women.

• Wrote The Future of Marriage

Irish anthropologist.

• Spent much of her life studying and acting as an advocate for the Australian Aborigines

Canadian behavioral psychologist.

• Known for her work on sex differences in the brain